According to a U.S. Army veteran with extensive boots-on-the-ground
connections, the United States Government has dropped five nuclear weapons
on Afghanistan and Iraq. . . .
By December 13, 2001 the U.S. Air Force had dropped at least four
17-foot-long "Daisy Cutter" bombs on tunnel complexes and Taliban
concentrations in Afghanistan. [globalsecurity.org; commondreams.org]
They also began dropping two-and-a-half-ton GBU-28 "dense metal" penetrators
from B-52s and B-1 Stealth bombers. Exploding deep underground, the bomb's
explosive energy "coupled" with bedrock under immense pressure from the
weight bearing down on it. The resulting seismic shock wave could crush an
underground bunker - or the internal organs of anyone caught in the
"overpressure" from a blast wave 20-times stronger than the bomb blast
itself. [ucsusa.org May/05]
In order to penetrate rock and concrete, each "Great Big Uranium" bomb is
shaped like a spear tipped with tons of radioactive Uranium-238 nearly twice
as dense as lead. Using nuclear waste left over from making atomic bombs and
reactor fuel, the amount of radioactive Depleted Uranium (DU) particles
spread by each GBU "dirty bomb" eclipsed any terrorist's fantasy -
one-and-a-half metric tons of aerosolized particles capable of causing
genetic mutations and death for the next four billion years! [Le Monde
March 2002]
The similarities of BLU and GBU detonations to nuclear blasts was not lost
on U.S. war planners, who realized that the blast effects and resulting
radioactive fallout from conventional bunker-busters could mask the
detonation of so-called "low-yield" B61-11 tactical nuclear bombs.
. . . Just as "Little Boy" and "Fat Man" were rushed to the Pacific Theater
in time to be tested on the starving Japanese citizenry before the emperor's
surrender pleas leaked to the press, the nuclear version of the
bunker-busting GBU-28 was rushed to Afghanistan to conduct remote field
tests before the Taliban surrendered.
The nuclear version of the GBU-28 bunker buster is the B61-11. When American
forces targeted Tora Bora in 2001, there were 150 B61-11s in the U.S.
arsenal. Featuring nuclear warheads that could be dialed from 0.3 to 340
kilotons - equivalent of 300 to 340,000 tons of radioactive TNT - these new
Earth Penetrating Weapons were, according to atomic scientists, capable of
"destroying the deepest and most hardened of underground bunkers, which the
conventional warheads are not capable of doing." [Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists May/June 1997; Wired Oct 8/01] . . .
According to U.S. military sources, the first detonation of a nuclear weapon
against another country since 1945 took place approximately 11 miles east of
Basra, sometime between February 2 and February 5, 1991.
By then, Iraq's former capitol had been declared a "free fire zone" - open
to carpet-bombing by high-flying formations of eight-engine B-52s. "Basra is
a military town in the true sense," military spokesman General Richard Neal
told the press. "The infrastructure, military infrastructure, is closely
interwoven within the city of Basra itself."
Though the soon-to-be fired General Neal claimed there were no civilians
left in Basra, the city was actually sheltering some 800,000 terrified
residents. In direct violation of Article 51 of the Geneva Protocols, which
prohibits area bombing, the B-52s commenced saturation grid-bombing of the
city. Mixing fuel-air bombs with shrapnel-spraying cluster bombs, the
bombers leveled entire city blocks, the Los Angeles Times reported, leaving
"bomb craters the size of football fields, and an untold number of
casualties." [Washington Post Feb 2/91; Los Angeles Times Feb 5/91]
With the city of Basra resounding to gigantic explosions, and engulfed in "a
hellish nighttime of fires and smoke so dense that witnesses say the sun
hasn't been clearly visible for several days at a time," a 5-kiloton GB-400
nuclear bomb exploding 11 miles away under the desert attracted no notice.
[deoxy.org; Los Angeles Times Feb 5/91] . . .
According to Hank, under the cover of massive DU-tipped bombs that raised
dirty mushroom clouds in thunderous explosions that rained radioactive dust
over Jalalabad and nearby villages, the first nuclear bombs dropped since
Basra in 1991 were detonated by American forces in Afghanistan beginning in
March 2002. Before their field tests were concluded, United States forces
would explode four 5-kiloton GBU-400 nuclear bombs in Tora Bora and other
mountainous regions of Afghanistan. . . .
[On April 27, 1937, in the midst of the Spanish Civil War (a prelude to
World War II), the planes of the German Condor Legion attacked the ancient
Basque town of Guernica. They came in waves, first carpet bombing, then
dropping thermite incendiaries. It was a market day and there may have been
as many as 7,000-10,000 people, including refugees, in the town which was
largely destroyed in the ensuing fire storm. More than 1,600 people may have
died there (though some estimates are lower). The Germans reputedly dropped
about 50 tons or 100,000 pounds of explosives on the town. In the seven
decades between those two 100,000 figures lies a sad history of our age.
Arab Jabour, the Sunni farming community about 10 miles south of the Iraqi
capital that was the target of the latest 100,000-pound barrage has recently
been largely off-limits to American troops and their Iraqi allies. The
American military now refers generically to all Sunni insurgents who resist
them as "al Qaeda," so in situations like this it's hard to tell exactly who
has held this territory.
At Guernica, as in Arab Jabour 71 years later, no reporters were present
when the explosives rained down.--Tom Engelhardt, "
Normalizing Air War from Guernica to Arab Jabour," Global Research,
August 31, 2006]
[the United States hit Iraqi targets with more than 970 radioactive
bombs and missiles. . . .
More than 15 years later, the dire health consequences of our first
radioactive bombing campaign in this region are coming into focus. Since
1990, the incidence rate of leukemia in Iraq has increased over 600 percent.
. . .
Bombed-out industrial plants and factories have polluted groundwater.
. . . the current Iraq war could destroy what's left of the Mesopotamian
marshes on the lower Tigris and Euphrates rivers.--Jeffrey St. Clair and
Joshua Frank, "Half Life of a
Toxic War - Iraq's Wrecked Environment," counterpunch.org, May 1,
2009]
[But months of bombing of Iraq by US and British planes and cruise missiles has left
behind an even more deadly and insidious legacy: tons of shell casings, bullets and bomb
fragments laced with depleted uranium. In all, the US hit Iraqi targets with more than
970 radioactive bombs and missiles. . . .
Thousand of acres of land in the Balkans, Kuwait and southern Iraq have been
contaminated forever. If George Bush Sr., Dick Cheney, Colin Powell and Bill Clinton are
still casting about for a legacy, there’s a grim one that will stay around for an
eternity.--Jeffrey St Clair, "Cancer as Weapon: Poppy Bush’s Radioactive War on
Iraq," counterpunch.org, December 7, 2018]